Unsteady Two-Phase Dusty Fluid Flow over a Cone in a Porous Medium with Constant Wall Temperature

Abstract

Dusty fluid flow, which consists of mixtures of solid particles with a carrier fluid, is significant in many natural and engineered systems. This study focuses on unsteady dusty fluid flow over a cone immersed in a porous medium, considering the effects of a magnetic field, heat generation/absorption, and thermal radiation. The combination of dusty fluid and cone geometry reflects real-world multiphase flows over sloped surfaces, typical of geothermal reservoirs. The Crank-Nicolson approach is applied to solve the developed nonlinear governing equations with the subjected initial and boundary conditions. The analysis through graphs and tables examines the impacts of the fluid-particle interaction under the influence of the considered effects on the dusty fluid flow characteristics. The current study’s restricted cases were compared to numerical findings and found to be in great agreement. The results indicate that an increase in the fluid-particle interaction parameter enhances the velocity profiles of the particle phase while causing a decline in the fluid phase. For fluid phase, the fluid-particle interaction parameter diminishes the local Nusselt number by 15.8% and the local skin friction by 4.8%. Additionally, the particle phase mass concentration parameter decreases the local Nusselt number by 23% and the local skin friction by 12.3%. This model is relevant for geothermal energy extraction, where multiphase dusty flows occur through porous, inclined rock formations under varying thermal and magnetic conditions.